"მარსი"
(წითელი პლანეტა)
marsi meoTxe
planetaa mzidan. planetas ewoda romauli omis RmerTis
saxeli. is xSirad
moixsenieba rogorc “wiTeli planeta”, mowiTalo
Seferilobis gamo, romelic mis zedapirs
Warbi rkinis Jangis gamo aqvs.
marsi terestriuli
planetaa. mas Txeli atmosfero aqvs, xolo
zedapirisaTvis
damaxasiaTebelia rogroc mTvaris msgavsi dartymiTi
kraterebi, ise
dedamiwisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli vulkanebi, xeobebi,
udabnoebi da
polaruli yinulis qudebi. marsze aris olimpos mTa,
romelic umaRlesi
mTaa mzis sistemaSi. da marsis xeoba, romelic
yvelaze grZeli
kanionia. amave dros marsze aRmoCenilia udidesi
dartymiTi krateri
romlis sigrZe 10600 km-ia, xolo sigane 8500 km. es
daaxloebiT 4-jer
aRemateba aqamde cnobil ududes kraters. amas garda
brunvis periodisa da
sezonebis cvlilebis mixedviT is dedamiwis
msgavsia.
fizikuri
maxasiaTeblebi
marsis radiusi
daaxloebiT dedamiwis radiusis naxevaris tolia. is
dedamiwas
simkvriviTac Camouvardeba, misi moculoba dedamiwis
moculobis 15%, xolo
masa 11%. marsis zedapiris farTobi dedamiwis
xmeleTis farTobze
odnav naklebia. marsis zedapiris mowiTalo feri
rkinis Jangis
(hematitis) siWarbiTaa gamowveuli.
geologia
Tanamgzavrebis mier
mopovebuli monacemebis da aseve marsianuli
meteoritebis kvlevis
Sedegad miiCneven, rom marsis zedapiri ZiriTadad
bazaltebisagan
Sedgeba. zogierTi monacemebis mixedviT marsis zedapiris
nawili siliciumiT
ufro mdidaria vidre tipiuri bazalti. zedapiris
udidesi nawili dafarulia rkinis JangiT.
marsis topografiul
suraTze dominirebs vulkanuri platoebi (wiTlad) da dartymiTi
auzebi (lurjad)
marsis zedapiri - “marsis gzamkvlevis” mier gadaRebuli suraTi.
გეოგრაფია
esaa
marsze mavali Rover Opportunity-is mier 2006
wels gadaRebuli viqtorias krateris
gamosaxuleba
rogorc
ukve aRvniSneT marsis zedapirisaTvis damaxasiaTebelia rogroc
mTvaris
msgavsi dartymiTi kraterebi, ise dedamiwisaTvis
vulkanebi, xeobebi,
udabnoebi da polaruli yinulis
qudebi.
marsze kraterebis
raodenoba Zalzed didia (43000 krateri, romelTa
diametri 5 km-ze
metia), amis mizezi albaT aris marsios siaxlove
asteroidebis
sartyelTan.
marsze aris olimpos
mTa, romelic umaRlesi mTaa mzis sistemaSi. misi
simaRle daaxloebiT
26 km-ia. esaa farisebri vulkani.
ოლიმპო
aRsaniSnavia aseve
marsis xeoba, romelic yvelaze grZeli kanionia. misi
sigrZe daaxloebiT
4000 km-ia, siRrme 7 km. sedarebisaTvis didi kanionis
sigrZe 446 km-ia,
siRrme ki 2 km.
amave dros marsze
aRmoCenilia udidesi dartymiTi krateri romlis
sigrZe 10600 km-ia,
xolo sigane 8500 km. es daaxloebiT 4-jer aRemateba
aqamde cnobil udides
kraters.
ატმოსფერო
marsma
magnituri veli dakarga 4 miliardi wlis win. amito mzis qari
urTierTqmedebs
pirdapir ionosferosTan. amis gamo atmosfero Txelia.
atmosferuli
wneva 30 paskalidan (olimpos mTaze) 1155 paskalamde
(dablobze).
marsis saSualo wneva dedamiwaze 35 km simaRleze wnevis
tolia.
wneva marsze dedamiwis wnevis 1%-ze naklebia.
marsis
atmosferoSi 95% naxSirorJangia, 3% azoti, 1.6% argoni. mcire
raodenobiT
Jangbadi da wylis orTqli da sxva. atmosfero sakmaod
mtvriania,
mtvris marcvlebi 1,5 mikronis diametrisaa da atmosferos
moyviTalo-moyavisfro
fers aZlevs.
zamTris
ganmavlobaSi polusi rCeba sibneleSi. am dros CO2-is 25%-30%
iyineba.
zafxulSi mzis Suqze gayinuli CO2
sublimirebs (orTqldeba),
rac
iwvevs uZlieres qarebs 400 km/sT siCqariT. am qarebs mtvris da
wylis
orTqlis didi raodenoba gadaaqvs.
Dzalian kargi iyo
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